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1. Principle of aluminum extrusion

Extrusion is a extruding processing method that imposes external force on the metal billet in the container (extrusion cylinder) and makes it flow out of a specific die hole to obtain the desired section shape and size.

2. The component of aluminum extruder

The extruder is composed of frame, front column frame, expansion column, extrusion cylinder, hydraulic system under electrical control, and is also equipped with mold base, thimble, scale plate, slide plate and so on.

3. The classification of aluminum extrusion method

According to the type of metal in the extrusion cylinder: Direction of stress and strain state, extrusion, lubricating state, extrusion temperature, extrusion speed, or the kinds of advanced structure, the shape and no. of blank or of the product type, can be divided into positive extrusion, backward extrusion, (including the plane strain extrusion, axisymmetric deformation extrusion, general three-dimensional deformation extrusion) lateral extrusion, glass lubricating extrusion, Hydrostatic extrusion, continuous extrusion and so on.

4. Forward thermal deformation of aluminum extrusion

The vast majority of hot deformation aluminum production enterprises adopt the forward hot deformation extrusion method through a specific die (flat die, cone die, shunt die) to obtain the consistent aluminum profiles with desired section and shape.

The forward extrusion process is simple, the equipment requirements are not high, the metal deformation ability is high, the production range is wide, the aluminum performance is controllable, the production flexibility is large, and the mold is easy to maintain and revise.

Defect is with the surface friction from the inner aluminum extrusion tube, the energy consumption is high, friction cylinder is easy to make casting heat, and increase profiles instability, decrease the efficiency of finishing product, limit the aluminium and aluminium alloy extrusion speed, accelerated wear and service life of the extrusion die, uneven products.

5. The type of hot deformation aluminum alloy, performance and use

The types of hot deformation aluminum alloy are divided into 8 categories according to the performance and applications, their performance and use are different:

1) Pure aluminum (L series) corresponding to the international brand 1000 series pure aluminum.

Industrial pure aluminum, excellent machinability, corrosion resistance, with surface treatment and electrical conductivity, but low strength, used in household goods, electrical products, medicine and food packaging, transmission and distribution materials, etc.

2) Duralumin (Ly) corresponds to international brand 2000 Al-Cu (Aluminum-copper) alloy.

Used in large components, supports, high Cu content, poor corrosion resistance.

3) Rust-proof aluminum (LF) corresponding to the international brand 3000 Al-Mn (aluminum manganese) alloy.

Heat treatment is not strengthened, machinability, corrosion resistance and pure aluminum, strength has been improved, good welding performance, widely used in daily necessities, building materials, devices and other aspects.

4) Special Aluminum (LT) corresponding to international brand 4000 Al-Si alloy.

Mainly welding material, low melting point (575-630 degrees), good fluidity.

5) Anti-rust aluminum (LF) corresponding to the international brand 5000Al-Mg (aluminum and magnesium) alloy.

Heat treatment is not strengthened, corrosion resistance, weldability, excellent surface gloss, through the control of Mg content, can obtain different strength levels of alloy. Low level for decorative materials, advanced devices; Midium level for ships, vehicles, building materials; High level used for welding components in chemical plants of ships and vehicles.

6) 6000Al-Mg-Si alloy.

Mg2Si precipitation hardening heat treatment can strengthen the alloy, good corrosion resistance, moderate strength, excellent thermal workability, so it is widely used as extrusion material, good formability, high hardness can be obtained by quenching. It is widely used in building profiles and is the main material source in industry.

7) Superhard aluminum (LC) corresponds to the international brand 7000Al-Zn-Mg-Cu (Al-Zn-Mg-Cu) high-strength aluminum alloy and Al-Zn-Mg alloy used for welding components, which have high strength, excellent welding and quenching performance, but poor stress corrosion & crack resistance, which needs to be improved by appropriate heat treatment. The former is mainly used for aircraft and sporting goods, while the latter is mainly used for welding structural materials of railway vehicles.

8) 8000 (Al-Li) Aluminum-lithium alloy.

The biggest characteristic is that density is 8%-9% lower than 7000-series, high rigidity, high strength, light weight, this series is under development (the anti-decay ability of aluminum alloy metal under complex conditions has not been completely conquered), mainly used in aircraft, missiles, engines and other military applications.